Text-to-Speech (Speech Synthesis)
Text-to-speech (TTS), or speech synthesis, converts written text into spoken audio, giving a voice to assistants, navigation systems, accessibility tools and alerts, with modern neural systems producing natural-sounding speech.
A TTS system first normalises text, expanding numbers, abbreviations and units into words, and converts it into phonetic and prosodic representations. Neural models then generate audio, either in two stages, with an acoustic model producing a spectrogram and a vocoder producing the waveform, or end to end. WaveNet, published by DeepMind, was an influential early neural audio model. Modern systems support many voices, languages and speaking styles.
TTS is used in voice assistants and chatbots, call centre automation, screen readers and other accessibility tools, announcements and alarms, e-learning and hands-free guidance for workers following procedures.
Quality is assessed with listening tests such as mean opinion score and with intelligibility measures. Correct pronunciation of technical terms, part numbers and names may need custom lexicons. Voice cloning from short samples enables misuse such as impersonation fraud, so consent for voice data and disclosure that speech is synthetic are important; the EU AI Act includes transparency obligations for synthetic audio.
Key points
- Converts text into natural-sounding speech
- Neural acoustic models and vocoders generate the audio
- Technical terms may need custom pronunciation lexicons
- Voice cloning raises consent and impersonation risks
Where AiVibe comes in
AiVibe delivers AI and machine learning services, chatbots and virtual assistants with RAG, MCP tools and voice, AI quality management including bias detection and model validation, and the AIMURUGA AI agent, and builds Intel-based edge AI devices using the Intel Distribution of OpenVINO toolkit.