AiVibeReport by Exception (RBE)
Report by exception is a data transmission strategy in which a device or gateway sends a value only when it changes by more than a defined deadband, or when its state changes, instead of transmitting every sample at a fixed rate.
With report by exception, the data source compares each new sample with the last reported value. If the difference exceeds a configured deadband, absolute or percentage, or if a discrete state changes, it publishes the new value with a timestamp; otherwise it stays silent. Many implementations also send periodic integrity updates or heartbeats so that consumers can tell a stable value from a lost connection. Subscription-based approaches such as OPC UA monitored items with deadband filters and MQTT with Sparkplug B support this behaviour.
RBE reduces bandwidth, broker and server load and storage, which matters for SCADA over radio or cellular links, large IIoT deployments and cloud data costs. It has long been used in SCADA telemetry, where protocols such as DNP3 report changes as events, and it is a core principle of Sparkplug B and many unified namespace designs.
Deadbands must be chosen per signal: too wide and important changes are lost, too narrow and the bandwidth benefit disappears. Analytics that assume regular sampling, such as some machine learning models, may need values resampled or interpolated. Consumers need to know whether a value is current, which is why birth and death certificates, last will messages or quality flags accompany RBE in well-designed systems.
Key points
- Sends values only on significant change or state change
- Deadbands may be absolute or a percentage of range
- Reduces bandwidth, server load and storage
- Periodic integrity updates distinguish stable values from lost links
- A core principle of Sparkplug B and long used in SCADA telemetry
Where AiVibe comes in
AiAmbA IoT is AiVibe's edge protocol layer: it discovers devices and normalises industrial signals, with supported protocols including Siemens S7, Mitsubishi MC, Delta Modbus, OPC UA and MQTT, and driver availability confirmed per installation. Writes to machines are deny-by-default.
Related terms
- Sparkplug BIndustrial IoT & Edge
- MQTTIndustrial IoT & Edge
- OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA)Industrial IoT & Edge
- Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)PLC & Industrial Control
- Time-Series Database (TSDB)Industrial IoT & Edge